CANINE CORNER WITH REBECCA HAWKINS
Has selective breeding done more harm than good?
The evolution of dogs from wolves is a remarkable example of how domestication and selective breeding have transformed a species over thousands of years.
It’s hard to believe that our cute Pomeranians and pugs once derived from wolf ancestors.
Early humans likely began to tame wolves, choosing those that were more docile and sociable, which eventually led to the diverse breeds we see today. This process not only shaped their physical traits but also their behaviour and temperament, creating loyal companions that fit a variety of roles in human society.
The range of sizes, shapes, and characteristics in dogs reflects both their evolutionary history and the specific needs and preferences of humans throughout time. Humans have selectively bred dogs with exceptional abilities in various roles, such as herding sheep, retrieving game, protecting livestock and the humble companion dog.
Selective breeding in dogs has indeed had both positive and negative effects on the health and appearance of various breeds, While, selective breeding can enhance desirable traits, it can also lead to significant health issues and extreme physical characteristics.
The English bull terrier stands as a striking example of how the pursuit of artificial beauty in dogs can result in lasting harm. With this particular terrier, Breeders initially focused on creating a dog with a strong, muscular build and a distinctive egg-shaped head. This unique appearance became a breed standard, leading to an emphasis on specific physical traits over health and function. As a result, some of the exaggerated features, such as the broad head and short snout, can lead to various inherited health problems and defects, including issues with breathing, dental problems, and skin conditions.
Moreover, the focus on aesthetics has sometimes overshadowed the importance of temperament and overall well-being. Some Bull Terriers may exhibit behavioural issues due to selective breeding practices that prioritise appearance over stable personality traits.
Overall, while selective breeding has created visually striking dogs, it has also raised concerns about the ethical implications of prioritising looks over health and well-being, prompting calls for more responsible breeding practices that consider the long-term health of the breed that we claim to love.
The image above shows how breeders have changed the English bull terrier.